Growing Rice in Thailand
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Paddy is brought to the rice mill for processing
Rice-Growing in Thailand
Over 80% of Thai people eat rice as their main meal. The average per capita consuming rate is approximately 165 kilogram paddy or 109 kg milled rice per year. The history of rice growing in Thailand dated many years back since rice has long been the major source of food for Thai people for a long time. Presently, there are 63 million rai of rice cultivated area (main season rice and second season rice) producing approximately 22 million tons of paddy.
Evidences showing that rice has been grown for a long time in Thailand are the marks of husk found in graves or marks of hull inside bricks at ancient buildings. The evidences could be categorized into the pre-historic period and the historic period.
The oldest evidences of the pre-historic period are marks of hull in broken pieces of pottery utensils found at Ban Nonnokta, Tambon Ban Gawk, Amphoe Phuwiang, Khan Kaen Province; and evidences of rice grain found in Cave Pung Hung, Mae Hong Son Province. The estimated age of hull imprints in pottery utensils found at Banchiang, Udornthani Province is 5,500 years old. These evidences showed that rice was grown in these areas at least 5,000 years ago.
Evidences of historic period such as hull in bricks in ancient buildings indicated that rice-growing in Thailand started since the 6th century. It is presumed that round grain glutinous rice and large grain glutinous upland rice were grown originally and later were substituted by slender type grain of non-glutinous rice.
Varieties of rice cultivar in Thailand have stabilized nutrient for Thai people and economic wealth of the country to date. Dr. Bhakdi Lusananda, former Director General of Department of Agriculture and an
(upper left) during paddy before milling
(upper right) The storage of milled rice
expert on rice, once said about the development of rice and rice-growing that render the country's wealth as follows:
"It is greatly fortunate that King Ramkamhaeng the Great led Thai people to establish the Kingdom of Thailand in the year BE 1800 in the central part of Suwannabhum. Thailand has progressed consequently to be Thailand of the present time. Thai people are very fortunate because this part of the country is the origin of rice whose scientific name is Oryza sativa Linn. Marks of paddy on 6,000 year-old ancient utensils found in the Northeastern region are technical proofs. Various parts of 12,000 year-old rice were also found in caves near Burmese border: All through this long period of time wild rice had been developed by natural phenomena and by human selection and become one of the world's most important crops. Thailand is therefore the fertilized source of rice variety. There are rice varieties that can grow well at sea and mountain level, in the dry mountainous region and more than 5 meters deep water, in sand-soil and clay. They have different maturing dates of early, medium, and late. There are rice varieties that grow throughout the year:"
Transplanting young rice plants. This is an activity requiring cooperation of the community. And rice panicles after harvest
Rice-Growing in Thailand
Over 80% of Thai people eat rice as their main meal. The average per capita consuming rate is approximately 165 kilogram paddy or 109 kg milled rice per year. The history of rice growing in Thailand dated many years back since rice has long been the major source of food for Thai people for a long time. Presently, there are 63 million rai of rice cultivated area (main season rice and second season rice) producing approximately 22 million tons of paddy.
Evidences showing that rice has been grown for a long time in Thailand are the marks of husk found in graves or marks of hull inside bricks at ancient buildings. The evidences could be categorized into the pre-historic period and the historic period.
The oldest evidences of the pre-historic period are marks of hull in broken pieces of pottery utensils found at Ban Nonnokta, Tambon Ban Gawk, Amphoe Phuwiang, Khan Kaen Province; and evidences of rice grain found in Cave Pung Hung, Mae Hong Son Province. The estimated age of hull imprints in pottery utensils found at Banchiang, Udornthani Province is 5,500 years old. These evidences showed that rice was grown in these areas at least 5,000 years ago.
Evidences of historic period such as hull in bricks in ancient buildings indicated that rice-growing in Thailand started since the 6th century. It is presumed that round grain glutinous rice and large grain glutinous upland rice were grown originally and later were substituted by slender type grain of non-glutinous rice.
Varieties of rice cultivar in Thailand have stabilized nutrient for Thai people and economic wealth of the country to date. Dr. Bhakdi Lusananda, former Director General of Department of Agriculture and an
(upper left) during paddy before milling
(upper right) The storage of milled rice
expert on rice, once said about the development of rice and rice-growing that render the country's wealth as follows:
"It is greatly fortunate that King Ramkamhaeng the Great led Thai people to establish the Kingdom of Thailand in the year BE 1800 in the central part of Suwannabhum. Thailand has progressed consequently to be Thailand of the present time. Thai people are very fortunate because this part of the country is the origin of rice whose scientific name is Oryza sativa Linn. Marks of paddy on 6,000 year-old ancient utensils found in the Northeastern region are technical proofs. Various parts of 12,000 year-old rice were also found in caves near Burmese border: All through this long period of time wild rice had been developed by natural phenomena and by human selection and become one of the world's most important crops. Thailand is therefore the fertilized source of rice variety. There are rice varieties that can grow well at sea and mountain level, in the dry mountainous region and more than 5 meters deep water, in sand-soil and clay. They have different maturing dates of early, medium, and late. There are rice varieties that grow throughout the year:"
Transplanting young rice plants. This is an activity requiring cooperation of the community. And rice panicles after harvest
